Sir David Lindsay, of Glenesk, 1st Earl of Crawford, Knight Banneret, 10th Baron of Crawford

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: Crawford Castle, Crawford, South Lanarkshire, Scotland; Believed to be early resident of Crawford Castle
• _UID: 485129B3713C4C8C932026FEC2E556E6B4F3
• alt Death: 1424, Verneuill, France; Event Description: he may have reach Scotland but died of injuries

Notes:

Residence:
Crawford Castle, substantially in ruins, is located on the north bank of the River Clyde, around 1/2 mile (800 metres) north of Crawford, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. The ruins stand on an earlier motte and bailey earthwork. The castle is also known as Lindsay Tower, after its former owners, the Lindsay family. The strategic location of the castle, at , guards the strategically important Mennock Pass from England into the upper Clyde Valley.

Archaeological excavations to the north-west of the castle have shown that a Roman fort, with a garrison of perhaps 300, existed at this site between 80 AD and 170 AD.

This site was the administrative centre for the Barony of Crawford, at that time the largest and most influential barony in southern Scotland. The Barony was established before 1100 when records of the period show Sveinn as Lord of Crawford. Upon his death, his son Thor, Lord of Tranent and the Sheriff of Edinburghshire, is recorded as Lord of Crawford. Crawford Castle was in existence by 1175, and was probably built as an earthwork and timber castle some time before this by Thor, or indeed by Thor's father Sveinn.

The Lindsay family inherited the barony of Crawford when William Lindsay married ca. 1154 the younger daughter of Thor, and granddaughter of Sveinn, Lord of Crawford or following the death of Thor in about 1165. It was probably William Lindsay who built the stone castle by 1175. He is recorded as Lord of Crawford by 1185x1190. Crawford Castle is located in Crawford Parish. From an early date, the Clan Carmichael of Meadowflatt acted as hereditary constables of the castle, retaining this post under successive owners.

In 1398, Robert II granted the title of Earl of Crawford to David Lindsay, who had won great praise on St George's Day, 23 April 1390 for bravery in a duel with the Englishman Baron Welles on London Bridge after Welles, as Champion of England, at a banquet in Edinburgh and presumably after too much alcohol, issued the challenge: "Let words have no place; if ye know not the Chivalry and Valiant deeds of Englishmen; appoint me a day and a place where ye list, and ye shall have experience."

At the accession of James IV in 1488 the barony of Crawford was transferred to Archibald Douglas, 5th Earl of Angus for supporting the young prince's rebellion against his father James III. The Earls of Angus held the castle until 1578, when their estates were forfeited by the young James V. James used Crawford as a hunting lodge until his own death in 1542. His mistress, Elizabeth Carmichael, was the daughter of the hereditary constable. She was the mother of John Stewart, Commendator of Coldingham. James V and Mary of Guise came to Crawford in July 1541 bringing tapestry to furnish their lodging at the castle. George Carmichael, son of the Captain of Crawford, presented three ounces of Scottish gold to the queen.

After 1542 the barony was returned to the Earls of Angus, the keepership of the Carmichaels of Meadowflatt coming to an end in 1595. In 1633 the 11th earl was created Marquess of Douglas, and the castle was probably rebuilt after this date. The castle then passed to the Duke of Hamilton, before being sold to Sir George Colebrooke in the 18th century. After a period of use as a farmhouse, the building was abandoned at the end of the 18th century, and much of the stone reused to build the present Crawford Castle Farm. Four stone tablets bearing coats of arms, one with the date 1648, are built into the west and south walls of the Castle Crawford House.

Ruins
Thumb
Castle Crawford House, partially built using stone reclaimed from the nearby castle ruins.
The early earthworks of Crawford Castle comprise a motte around 5 m high, with a surrounding ditch and a bailey some 45 m by 33 m to the south-west. On the motte are the remains of a curtain wall, surrounding an enclosure around 20 m square. There may have been round towers at the corners of this enclosure, which probably dates to the 16th or early 17th centuries. A range of buildings on the south-west side of the castle were built at around the same time. This tower-like range was of three storeys, plus an attic, with a vaulted basement and projecting chimney-breast. To the south-east, a second range was added later in the 17th century, providing more spacious accommodation with larger windows. The prominent arched recess in the east wall suggests that a single storey building of some kind projected from the main structure at this location. Much of the present remains probably date from the 17th century rebuilding by the Marquess of Douglas.

Crawford Castle is specified in a list of monuments published by the Minister of Public Building and Works under the Ancient Monuments Consolidation and Amendment Act 1913. It is now a Scheduled Ancient Monument. The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland lists the site as a castle or motte.

David married Elizabeth Stewart, Princess, Countess of Crawford on 22 Feb 1375. Elizabeth (daughter of Robert Stewart, Robert II of Scotland and Euphemia de Ross, Queen of Scots) was born in Jan 1362 in Dundonald Castle, South Ayrshire, Scotland; died in Feb 1446 in Crawford Castle, Crawford, South Lanarkshire, Scotland; was buried in The Howff, Dundee, Dundee City, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: a business magnate
• _UID: 7F6AEB0604F54A04A5C556B902023B411AFE

Notes:

(Research):Alexander Lindsay, 2nd Earl of Crawford (c. 1387? 1438/1439) was a Scottish magnate. He was the son of David Lindsay, 1st Earl of Crawford and Elizabeth Stewart, daughter of King Robert II and Euphemia de Ross. He was knighted at the coronation of King James I on 21 May 1424, and subsequently was one of the hostages for King James given over to the English from 1424 until November 1427.

Family
He married Marjory of Dunbar, daughter of Sir David of Dunbar, and had issue.

David Lindsay, 3rd Earl of Crawford, who succeeded his father as Earl.
Elizabeth, who married John Drummond and had issue.
Janet, who married Thomas, Erskine, 2nd Lord Erskine and had issue.
Christian, who first married William Douglas of Lochleven (evidently in lieu of her sister) by whom she had at least a son Alexander, and a daughter Elizabeth who married Richard Lovel of Ballumbie. She married secondly David Wemyss of that Ilk (d. 1430), by whom she was the mother of John Wemyss of that Ilk and two daughters, Helen and Euphemia. She married lastly Sir James Auchinleck of that Ilk (d. 1449), by whom she was the mother of Sir John Auchinleck of that Ilk (d. 1502) among others
References

Occupation:
A business magnate, also known as an industrialist or tycoon, is a person who has achieved immense wealth through the creation or ownership of multiple lines of enterprise. A business magnate typically controls, through personal enterprise ownership or a dominant shareholding position, a firm or industry whose goods or services are widely consumed.

Family/Spouse: Marjorie Ogilvie, of Dunbar. Marjorie (daughter of Sir Alexander Ogilvie, of Auchterhouse) and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: 3807594562AC441DA30474F612BBDCCED4AA

Family/Spouse: William Douglas, of Lochleven. William and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FamilySearch ID: LR84-XQV
• Occupation: politics and military affairs; supporter of Scotland in Rough Wooing
• _UID: 0B01AE905A994220AD4F164884AD2FF44DF8

Family/Spouse: Unknown. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Marjory Ogilvy. Marjory was born about 1400 in Auchterhouse, Forfarshire, Scotland; died about 1476 in Crawford, Clydesdale, Lanarkshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: 41E492217DA14198BBF7B79C913957EEE338

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: 3FC9C56EEFA84B5F854C43050A597BF669CA

Family/Spouse: Thomas Erskine. Thomas and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FamilySearch ID: G93D-YD9
• Name: Beardie
• Name: Tiger
• _UID: 493AC4581B874CAE90E7154BDC9B6A44376C
• Occupation: 1450; Sheriff of Aberdeen

Notes:

(Research):Alexander Lindsay, 4th Earl of Crawford (1423? 1453) was a late medieval Scottish nobleman, and a magnate of the north-east of that country.

Life
Alexander Lindsay was the son of David Lindsay, 3rd Earl of Crawford and Marjory Ogilvie, the daughter of Sir Alexander Ogilvie of Auchterhouse.

Known as the Tiger Earl or Earl Beardie, Crawford was one of the most powerful of the Scottish nobles. For some time he was in arms against King James II as part of the Douglas rebellion. In February 1452, William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas was personally killed at Stirling Castle by James II for refusing to dissolve his league with Alexander. The Tiger Earl was defeated at the Battle of Brechin on 18 May, and he submitted to James II in 1452.

J. B. Burke imagined the colourful scene of the earl's submission, thus:

The decree of forfeiture, both as to life and lands, which had been passed before, was now renewed and, after having gallantly struggled for a long time against all odds? even after the total defeat and submission of his ally Douglas? he found himself compelled, for the sake of his house and followers, to sue for mercy. In this last extremity it is that all the better parts of his character stand out in full relief; there is neither fear, nor meanness, nor self seeking in his frank and manly prayers for mercy: but, mingled with the courage that we might reasonably look for, is a tenderness for others that we certainly did not expect to find in such a character. For himself, as he boldly tells the king, he was willing to underlie any fate, "either to be hangit [hanged], to be riven with wild beasts, to be drowned, or cassen [cast] over ane craig;" it was not even the sufferings of his dear wife, nor the weeping of his bairns [children], nor the lamentable sobbings of his friends that moved him, so much "as the decay and falling of our House, and lamentable chance and fortune of the noblemen of Angus, with the rest of my adherents, whose lives, lands, and guids [goods] stands in danger for my cause and surname of Lindsay. Have compassion on the noblemen, men that concordit to my faction, that they, at the least, be not spoilzied (spoiled) of their lives and heritages for my offence".

The king granted Lindsay clemency, but when he had been angry with the earl, he had sworn he would make the highest stone on Finavon Castle become the lowest. Therefore, to keep his oath while yet remaining true to his grant of clemency, the king climbed to the top of the castle and threw one of the loose stones on the battlements down to the ground below. J. B. Burke recorded that two hundred years later it could still be seen where it had fallen "secured to the spot with a strong chain of iron".

Legend has it that he is the infamous "Earl Beardie" featured in one of the myths of Glamis Castle.

Marriage and issue
Alexander, Earl of Crawford married Margaret Dunbar, daughter of Sir David Dunbar of Cockburn, himself a son of George I, Earl of March, and had issue:

Lady Elizabeth Lindsay (died 1509), married to John Drummond, 1st Lord Drummond
David Lindsay, 1st Duke of Montrose (1440? 1495)
Alexander Lindsay, 7th Earl of Crawford (died 1517).

The most important of the early earls of Crawford are the 4th and the 5th earls. Alexander Lindsay, the 4th earl (d. 1454), called the "tiger earl," was, like his father David the 3rd earl, who was killed in 1446, one of the most powerful of the Scottish nobles; for some time he was in arms against King James II., but he submitted in 1452. His son David, the 5th earl (c. 14401 495), was lord high admiral and lord chamberlain; he went frequently as an ambassador to England and was created duke of Montrose in 1488, but the title did not descend to his son.

Alexander married Margaret de Dunbar, Countess of Crawford in 1440 in Lanarkshire, Scotland. Margaret (daughter of Sir David Dunbar, of Cockburn, son of George 1, Earl of March and Beatrice Colquhoun) was born in 1425 in Cockburn, Berwickshire, Scotland; died before Jan 1499 in Berwickshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: 9E9CAFDD97534DCBB78B493E71E23E395B29

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: EAED09A10FC348FA9D21D9AD9F5ED7A5520C

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: DDC93D7089824DF38F11226A35433AEF6BF9

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: 1BAAA054A63940DABC0CD2C6A12AFC9B74A2

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: C559BC968AEB4F4C89AF095BA63C48E1278B

Family/Spouse: William Douglas, 6th Earl of Douglas, 3rd Duke of Touraine. William and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: 61DC1FE39B9746FC83CF0D9EB79B3D418013

Family/Spouse: Thomas Maule, of Panmure. Thomas and died. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]