Edgar D. Code

Other Events and Attributes:

• FamilySearch ID: L8MG-NS3
• _UID: A17F2C46B441436FBF21FBAA5068CD4F92AB

Notes:

FamilySearch ID:
https://www.familysearch.org/tree/person/details/L8MG-NS3

Other Events and Attributes:

• FindaGrave Memorial ID: 94894765
• _UID: DDE1E70EBB91426481A4450B4D941EF710EA

Notes:

FindaGrave Memorial ID:
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/94894765

Samuel married Mary Jane Ritchie on 29 Oct 1852. Mary was born on 5 May 1835 in Ireland; died on 13 Jun 1877 in Ewart, Manitoba, Canada; was buried in Elma Centre Cemetery, North Perth County, Ontario, Canada. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FindaGrave Memorial ID: 94894803
• _UID: 98FE2407ADC349D9961197A7BE262BDF2640

Notes:

FindaGrave Memorial ID:
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/94894803

Other Events and Attributes:

• FindaGrave Memorial ID: 94894511
• _UID: 57310ACEE0684ECF80F929AF2B47E98DFEAC
• Residence: 11 Nov 1821, Lanark Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada; Concession 12 L4W
• Land & Property: 1829, Lanark Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada; Concession 12 L4W
• Census: 1871, Elma Twp, Perth County, Ontario, Canada; Canada

Notes:

(Research):1820 Emigration from Armagh

I am indebted to the many researchers who have contacted me in the process of searching for their Irish roots, who have contributed pieces of the puzzle which unfolds below. After several years it remains a partially solved puzzle, and I welcome future contributions to this page from the folks whose ancestors lived at one time in Armagh, Ireland.

Before I begin, let me lay out what this story is about, and how it impacted the people who participated in it. British North America was sparsely populated at the time of the War of 1812, when the expansionist attempted and failed to annex its northern neighbor - which was still some 50 years away from being a country in its own right. The border with the United States the St. Lawrence River, as seen in the map below, had its settlements at Prescott, Elizabethtown (Brockville), Gananoque and Kingston and a farming population which was pushing slowly northward. Roads were little more than forest trails, and transport was largely by foot. Could this rural backwash sustain another American attack? It seemed unlikely, when the idea emerged that the area not right on the border could be opened up to farming settlement, and that it could be populated by settlers experienced in defending themselves - who would form militias to do so when required. What better place to find such settlers than in the aftermath of the Irish Rebellion of 1798. Government official, Peter Robinson (Peterborough was named after him) got the job done - transporting settlers in 1823 and 1825 - which initiated a steady stream of emigration.

While the largely Protestant loyalists had emerged victorious, the aftereffects of a viciously fought war had rendered their previous hegemony precarious at best and about to crumble at worst. Here were a rag tag people, loyal to their Crown and fervent about their religion - who were unwelcome where they lived. It was time for them to move, and the attraction of support by the Crown, the hope of a promised land, pushed them to step forward. Few were prepared for what they would find - eight miserable weeks at sea - rampant infection aboard ship - and then a trek through heavily forested no man's land to more heavily forested 100 acre bush lots - which would, for the most part, have to be cleared before they could grow anything - or own the land. Two stirring accounts of their experience have survived. The first account involved my CODD relatives from Aghold Wicklow who travelled on the Mary & Bell in 1817. They would venture as far as Kitley Township, and would establish an inn where the road forked - one trail going north to Perth and the other northeast to what would eventually become Smiths Falls. Many settlers would sojourn at Kitley before moving northward, and some would return here to settle. The second account of a traveller on the 1821 voyage of the David of London details the travails of Scottish settlers, escaping overpopulation, who would find different difficulties here - but never overpopulation.


Birth:
also listed as Cronlea, Mullancuff Parish, Shillelagh, Wicklow Co., Ireland

FindaGrave Memorial ID:
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/94894511

Land & Property:
MS693-Reel 119-Scan 35- Codd -and others

George married Sarah Pearl Boyd on 20 Feb 1824 in Perth, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada. Sarah (daughter of Samuel Boyd and MAR Boyd) was born about 1803 in Keady, County Armagh, Ireland; died on 29 Mar 1865 in Ewart, Manitoba, Canada; was buried in Elma Centre Cemetery, North Perth County, Ontario, Canada. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• FindaGrave Memorial ID: 94894443
• _UID: CA8964966F0B43F1859EF5B3F8827FA66542
• Immigration-Witness: 1819, Lanark Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada; From England

Notes:

FindaGrave Memorial ID:
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/94894443

Immigration-Witness:
Role: Witness
A girl under 12 is listed with Samuel Boyd who is unmarried (widowed?) upon arrival. This was likely Sarah Pearl Boyd.

Buried:
SACRED TO
the memory of
SARAH BOYDE
beloved wife of
GEORGE CODE
who Emigrated
from Co. Armagh
IRELAND
to Canada in
1819
died 29 Mar. 1865
AGED 64 YRS.
and 9 Mo.

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: D77CA62DDC9D411D84045B746BA19C86829E
• Immigration: 1820, Lanark Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada
• Immigration: 1820, Lanark Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada

Notes:

(Research):?i?http://www.yclc.ca/indexz.html

?/i?Thomas Codd (Coad) (1773-1852)** came to Canada in 1820 with his wife LADY Elizabeth (nee Twamley (1774 or 1778 -1839) from Corwick Lowhelem*. Their offspring - the 2nd generation Codes who came to Boyd's Settlement were George, Richard, Thomas, Abraham, Rachel and James. Abraham later moved to North Dakota and James to Saginaw, Michigan. The others remained in the Boyd's Settlement community and latterly at Kitley Twp. until the late 1840's to early 1850's when George and Richard moved their families to Trowbidge in Huron County and East Wawanosh in Western Ontario respectively. The elder Thomas Codd and his son Richard, changed their name to Coad in the late 1840s, and moved to Kitley Twp. to be with their Coad kin. The reason for the name change has remained a well-kept secret.

George Code (b. 1800 at Croneleagh Hill, Wicklow - granted Lanark Con. XII- Lot 4E) married Pearl Boyd (daughter of Samuel Boyd - the original settler who was granted Con. XII Lot 2W.)

Thomas Sr. received Con. XII Lot 4W. Daughter Rachel Code married Thomas Jackson*** (Lanark Township Con XII Lot 2E) who came with Lancelot Jackson (Con. XII Lot 1E) in 1820.

Thomas Code b. 1807 stayed on the homestead Con. XII Lot. 4W (of which I painted a picture when I was 16) and married Mary Jane James and had 7 children by his first marriage - William, James, Rachel, Ann, Eliza Mary and Letitia.

After Mary Jane died, Thomas Code remarried Mary (Price or Pryce) with whom he had 10 more children - Harriet (m. an Agnew) Thomas (m. Mary Willows - the Willows owned the property to the south of Thomas' farm - Lanark XII Lot 3) Alicia (who married William James McCreery) John, Margaret ( who married John McCreery), Sarah, Albert and Abraham - 17 children in all. Margaret Code McCreary was my great grandmother.
** Thomas Code, b. 1773, Munahullen, Aghowle Parish, Shillelagh Barony, Co. Wicklow, Ireland, d. July 23, 1852, Lanark Twp, Lanark Co., Ontario, Canada, m. Elizabeth Twamley in Ireland before 1800.

*** Thomas Jackson, b. 1798, Tullow, Co. Carlow., Ireland, d. August 13, 1881 Lanark Twp., Lanark Co., Ontario, Canada, m. Rachel Code January 1, 1821 in St. James Church, Perth, Lanark Co., Ontario, Canada.? Children are: Elizabeth, Ellen (Eleanor), John, Abraham, Thomas, Leticia and Mary.

?b?The Codd/Code Connection?/b?

My ancestral Codd family had come out in 1820 at the same time as Samuel Boyd - and later became Codes and Coads. While detailed suggestions of a community's origins are often lost to "official" records, my great aunt, Laura (McCreary) Ferrill (who 's buried at Boyd's) as an amateur historian put together much of the ancient Codd family tree data before such practices were common. She records the histories of the Codds who also arrived in 1820 and who later married into the McCreery family. The Codd (or Code) family came to Wicklow County from the "Barony of Forth" County Wexford (17th century). Their origin was English - and ultimately Anglo-Norman - coming over from Normandy with William the Conqueror, and arriving in Ireland at Castletown in Wexford with Strongbow in 1190 as landed gentry.

There is reference to Lake of Lady's Island as "once in four or five years opened evacuating itself into the sea - a passage cut by Squire Codde of Castletown (on the east coast of Ireland in Wexford) ."Squire John Codde is mentioned in the parish register of Wexford. Anne Codde of Castletown married a Reverend Thomas Bunbury of Balesker in 1668. Jane Codde married Thos. Richards Esq. of "The Park" and later Rathaspec. Loftus Codde of Castletown deposited a will in 1696 at Emiscarthy (Enniscorthy). These Norman Coddes were Roman Catholic - and only later families became Protestant.

They could not have come alone. Emigrant settlers travelled in groups. Henry Hammond, whose wife was a Boyd was there in August 1820, and I suspect at least two other August '20 settlers - John Conn, and William Brown and perhaps even John Totton - may have come from Armagh. Andrew Stephenson (or Stevenson) also married to a Boyd, would join them in 1824.

From Aghold Parish in 1820 there were Thomas Codd, Edward Hopkins, Thomas and Lancelot Jackson, Henry Martin, Robert and Samuel Wellwood, and John Poole - joined by 1822 by John Warren, George Codd, William Dowdall and Charles and Fosse Sterne.

We know little about the early settlers except that the Boyds were Wesleyan Methodists (Samuel was a Sunday School teacher in Ireland) - and that John Wesley had paid several visits to Portadown in Armagh between 1767 and 1785, attracting a large following there. Many, but not all of the Aghold, Wicklow group were Methodists as well. We remain uncertain of the exact location of the origins of the Armagh emigrations - except that the earliest - the Boyds the Hammonds, the Stephansons were from the Keady area.

County Armagh occupies a small area - 30 miles from north to south and 15 miles from east to west. While one is tempted to group the Parishes of Tynan, Derrynoose and Keady (surrounding the town of Keady) - and perhaps Newtownhamilton - as separate from the parishes of Mullaghbrack and Loughgilly (surrounding the town of Markethill), such a grouping is arbitrary. The Parish of Drumcree, to the north contains the town of Portadown -with a large Methodist population around the time of emigration (1820s). The earliest (1820-22) settlers were definitely from the Keady area.

For a detailed analysis of the possible origins of the Armagh emigrants to Lanark County

Immigration:
Name:?tab?Thomas Codd
Arrival Year:?tab?1820
Arrival Place:?tab?Ontario, Canada
Primary Immigrant:?tab?Codd, Thomas
Source Publication Code:?tab?9045.10
Annotation:?tab?Date name of immigrant was added to list with district covered by list or date of arrival in province. Extracted from RG-1, C-I-3, vols. 139 and 140, pages 20-24, 55-57, and 59-66, MS 693, reel 145, located in the Crown Lands Dept. at the Archives of Onta
Source Bibliography:?tab?STRATFORD-DEVAI, FAWNE. "List of Locations to Emigrants at the Land Board." In Ottawa Branch News (Ottawa Branch, Ontario Genealogical Society), vol. 28:1 (Jan.-Feb. 1995), pp. 8-21 (Bathurst District); vol. 28:2 (March-April 1995), pp. 40-49 (Ottawa District).

Immigration:
Name?tab?Thomas Codd Sr.
Event?tab?Living
Year?tab?1820
Place?tab?Lanark, Lanark County
County?tab?Lanark
Province?tab?Ontario
Source?tab?JR Ernest Miller and Robert E Sargeant, Early Settlers to Bathurst District Arriving Prior to 1822: including Col Marshall's 1834 Report, 1842 Census, Baptismal Records of Rev Wiliam Bell, 1988.
Volume/Page?tab?48

Thomas married Lady Elizabeth Twamley. Elizabeth (daughter of Peter Twamley and Mary Gilles, daughter of John Twamley and Lady Mary Lyndon) was born about 1778 in Ireland; died about 1839 in Innisville, Drummond Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: 676E02EF992E4F31B0C7DDD2851A791863BB

Other Events and Attributes:

• FindaGrave Memorial ID: 94893834
• _UID: 7075E8775EC042F4B1952959EA1C18DD5BBD
• Immigration: 1819, Lanark Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada; From England
• Occupation: Bef 1820, Ireland; teacher before immigration
• Residence: 1820, Lanark Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada; Concession 12, Lot 2W
• Land & Property: 1824, Lanark Twp, Lanark County, Ontario, Canada; Completion of Settlement Requirements
• Census-Household Member: 1861; Canada

Notes:

(Research):John and Samuel Boyd were placed, on August 1st 1820, on non-adjacent Lots in Lanark Township - Samuel at Con 12 Lot 2W and John at Con 10 Lot 2E - probably this is what they asked for rather than a bureaucratic decision - as settlers were often granted such consideration. Interestingly enough they eventually had Andrew Stephenson b.c. 1794 (at times spelled Stevenson) located between them at Con. 11 Lot 2E - about 1823-4. He was married to their sister - Mary Boyd. It has been said that the Boyd family's parents died in 1819 and that 6 out of their 9 Boyd offspring came to Canada. We account here for 4.

Henry Hammond, who was married to another Boyd sister, Margaret Boyd, was located next to John Boyd at Lanark Con. 10 Lot 1E on the 12 of August 1820.

Unfortunately, this family tree is pieced together rather than assembled in an orderly way. It may needs to be changed somewhat after closer scrutiny. Nevertheless it shows family connections in Armagh transported to Canada.
Indications are that the Boyds lived near Clay Lake which borders Keady.

Names like Boyd's Settlement and later McCreary's Corners further to the east - were informal descriptions of the communities which sprung up. There is no doubt, however that the emigration of August 1820 brought together two groups of families from far-flung corners of Ireland, some Methodists, some Church of Ireland (Anglican). A look at the dates in August 1820 when land was granted reveals a little more about the wave of Irish settlement here. There were few Scots who were settled in this area in the early days, and the Irish were distributed among the Armagh settlers and those from Wexford and particularly western Wicklow. Whether these settlers knew each other before arriving or met while being transported is not known.

FindaGrave Memorial ID:
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/94893834

Immigration:
A girl under 12 is listed with Samuel Boyd who is unmarried (widowed?) upon arrival. This was likely Sarah Pearl Boyd.

Census-Household Member:
Role: Household Member
Perth County, Ontario, Canada

Samuel married MAR Boyd. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• _UID: 1DFCDEC5F9284F8CB80D4122A08527F824BF